International AI treaty: US,UK,EU

Artificial Intelligence: The Council of Europe Framework Convention on artificial intelligence and human rights, democracy, and the rule of law (CETS No. 225) was opened for signature during a conference of Council of Europe Ministers of Justice in Vilnius. It is the first-ever international legally binding treaty aimed at ensuring that the use of AI systems is fully consistent with human rights, democracy and the rule of law.

1. The Framework Convention was signed by Andorra, Georgia, Iceland, Norway, the Republic of Moldova, San Marino, the United Kingdom as well as Israel, the United States of America and the European Union.

   Council of Europe Secretary General Marija Pejčinović Burić said:

“We must ensure that the rise of AI upholds our standards, rather than undermining them. -Secretary General Marija Pejčinović Burić

The Framework Convention is designed to ensure just that. It is a strong and balanced text - the result of the open and inclusive approach by which it was drafted and which ensured that it benefits from multiple and expert perspectives.

1.  The Framework Convention is an open treaty with a potentially global reach.

   
   

   The treaty provides a legal framework covering the entire lifecycle of AI systems. It promotes AI progress and innovation, while managing the risks it may pose to human rights, democracy and the rule of law. To stand the test of time, it is technology-neutral.

   
   

   The Framework Convention was adopted by the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers on 17 May 2024. The 46 Council of Europe member states, the European Union and 11 non-member states (Argentina, Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, the Holy See, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Peru, the United States of America and Uruguay) negotiated the treaty. Representatives of the private sector, civil society and academia contributed as observers.

   
   

   The treaty will enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of three months after the date on which five signatories, including at least three Council of Europe member states, have ratified it. Countries from all over the world will be eligible to join it and commit to complying with its provisions.

   
   

   What is COE?

   
   

   The Council of Europe (CoE) is a pan-European intergovernmental organization founded in 1949, with its headquarters in Strasbourg, France. It aims to promote democracy, human rights, and the rule of law across the European continent. Unlike the European Union, the CoE is broader in membership, including 46 member states, which extends beyond the EU, with countries like Turkey, Russia (prior to its suspension), and others being members.

   
   

   Key Objectives:

   
   

   1. Human Rights Protection: The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) is the cornerstone of the Council of Europe's work. It provides legal protections to individuals, and violations can be taken to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR).

   2. Democracy and Rule of Law: Through various legal standards, the CoE promotes democratic governance and rule of law principles.

   3. Cultural Cooperation: The CoE also fosters cooperation in education, culture, and heritage preservation

      
      

   • Important Bodies:

     
     

   1. Committee of Ministers: The CoE's decision-making body, composed of foreign ministers from each member state or their deputies.

   2. Parliamentary Assembly: A consultative body with members from national parliaments of member countries.

   3. European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR): Ensures the implementation of the European Convention on Human Rights by handling cases brought by individuals, states, and organizations.

   
   

   The Council of Europe plays a significant role in maintaining peace, fostering integration, and ensuring the observance of human rights across the European region.

   
   

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